Problem SolvingA problem exists when a problem solver has a goal but does not know how to accomplish it. A somewhat more precise way to express this definition is to say that a problem occurs when a situation is in the given state, the problem solver wants the situation to be in the goal state, and there is no obvious way of changing from the given state to the goal state. As you can see, a problem consists of a given state (i.e., a description of the current situation), a goal state (i.e., a description of the desired situation), a set of operators (i.e., rules for moving from one state to another), and obstacles preventing a smooth transition from the given to the goal state.